THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOL FRUIT EXTRACTS OF PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA ON THE HIPPOCAMPUS AND CEREBELLAR CORTEX OF ARTESUNATE-AMODIAQUINE TREATED ADULT WISTAR RATS
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
Amidst the current rise in the usage of artemisinin-based combination therapies as the first line treatment of falciparum resistant malaria in the Tropics, artesunate-amodiaquine combination therapy have been found to have degenerative and toxicity effects. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of aqueous and ethanol fruit extracts of Phoenix dactylifera on the hippocampus and cerebellar cortex of artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) treated Wistar rats, as well as its effects on neurobehaviour, neuro-trace elements and oxidative stress markers. Thirty six (36) adult Wistar rats (150-180g) were used; they were randomly divided into nine groups. The rats in Group 1 served as the control; Group 2 was administered 2.86/ 8.75mg/kg AS-AQ. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 500mg/kg aqueous extract of P. dactylifera (AEPD), 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 1000mg/kg AEPD and 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 1500mg/kg AEPD respectively. Groups 6, 7 and 8 were administered 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 500mg/kg ethanol extract of P. dactylifera (EEPD), 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 1000mg/kg EEPD and 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 1500mg/kg EEPD respectively. Group 9 served as the standard drug group and was administered 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 100mg/kg ascorbic acid. Once weekly, for 3 weeks, behavioural tests using the Morris water maze for spatial learning and memory, and Beam walk test setup for coordination and balancing were carried out. The drugs administration lasted for 28 days after which the animals were sacrificed, their brain excised and processed for histological (using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Cresyl fast violet, and Bielschowsky stains), biochemical (Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione reductase, and Malondialdehyde), and neuro-trace elements (Zinc, Iron, Copper, and Manganese) studies. The histoarchitecture of the AEPD and EEPD treated groups were preserved particularly the 1000mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg doses, when compared to the AS-AQ and ascorbic acid treatments. The AS-AQ had no significant effect on the spatial learning and memory, and motor coordination and balance evidenced by the time latencies observed in the neurobehavioural study. Neurotoxicity, evidenced by necrosis, chromatolysis, vacuolations, was observed in the cerebellar cortex and hippocampus of the AS-AQ treated group. In the biochemical study, oxidative stress markers (SOD, CAT, and GSH) revealed no difference, while MDA concentration was significantly elevated (p<0.05) in the AS-AQ treatment when compared to the control. The neuro-trace elements result of trace metals (Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn) showed only Mn to have decreased significantly in the 1500mg/kg AEPD treated group. It was concluded that the ix amelioration of the severity of neurodegeneration, stability of the neurobehavioural index, alteration of oxidative stress markers and neuro-trace elements by the extracts indicated their ameliorative effects by antioxidant activities ascribed to the phytochemicals present in the extracts.
Related Project Materials
EFFECT OF SPROUTING ON AMYLASE ACTIVITIES AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF TEN (10) INBRED RICE VARIETIES IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sprouting on the amylases activity and functional properties of ten FARO ri...
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF A SOAP PRODUCT: A STUDY OF LUX SOAP
Soap analysis has become important due to the aim to streamline test techniques and so appropriately cater for the requirements included in soap to...
THE INFLUENCE OF PEER GROUP ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Abstract
The study was carried out on the influence of peer group on the academic performance of secondary school stude...
INVESTIGATION OF COMMUTERS AS A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO THE SPREAD OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN PUBLIC PLACES
EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY
Movement is associated with the spread of disease in many ways. One way in which travel helps com...
YOUTH EMPOWERMENT AS A STRATEGY FOR REDUCING CRIME IN NIGERIA
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Youth empowerment involve build the capacity of young people and motivating them to take respons...
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA
Abstract
Many developing countries are competing to attract foreign direct investment with a belief that it can be a tool for poverty red...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL PROTEST USING KENYA AND NIGERIA AS CASE STUDY
Background to the Study
Protests have long been a vital mechanism for citizens to expr...
THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE POLICIES ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
This study aims to assess the impact of corporate governance policies on business performance. Objectives include identifying the key corporate gov...
THE EFFECT OF COMMUNITY SANITATION PRACTICE ON WATER QUALITY IN SELECTED COMMUNITIES IN JALINGO, TARABA STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted on communities along Lamurde floodplain between Latitude 8˚52’0” and 8˚56’6” and...
MINERALOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY AND POTENTIAL USES OF CLAY IN PANDOGARI AREA, NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The basement rock of Pandogari lies within the BirninGwari – Zungeru area in the NW block of the Nigeria Basement Complex...
