THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOL FRUIT EXTRACTS OF PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA ON THE HIPPOCAMPUS AND CEREBELLAR CORTEX OF ARTESUNATE-AMODIAQUINE TREATED ADULT WISTAR RATS
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 5000
ABSTRACT
Amidst the current rise in the usage of artemisinin-based combination therapies as the first line treatment of falciparum resistant malaria in the Tropics, artesunate-amodiaquine combination therapy have been found to have degenerative and toxicity effects. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of aqueous and ethanol fruit extracts of Phoenix dactylifera on the hippocampus and cerebellar cortex of artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) treated Wistar rats, as well as its effects on neurobehaviour, neuro-trace elements and oxidative stress markers. Thirty six (36) adult Wistar rats (150-180g) were used; they were randomly divided into nine groups. The rats in Group 1 served as the control; Group 2 was administered 2.86/ 8.75mg/kg AS-AQ. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 500mg/kg aqueous extract of P. dactylifera (AEPD), 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 1000mg/kg AEPD and 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 1500mg/kg AEPD respectively. Groups 6, 7 and 8 were administered 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 500mg/kg ethanol extract of P. dactylifera (EEPD), 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 1000mg/kg EEPD and 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 1500mg/kg EEPD respectively. Group 9 served as the standard drug group and was administered 2.86/8.75mg/kg AS-AQ + 100mg/kg ascorbic acid. Once weekly, for 3 weeks, behavioural tests using the Morris water maze for spatial learning and memory, and Beam walk test setup for coordination and balancing were carried out. The drugs administration lasted for 28 days after which the animals were sacrificed, their brain excised and processed for histological (using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Cresyl fast violet, and Bielschowsky stains), biochemical (Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione reductase, and Malondialdehyde), and neuro-trace elements (Zinc, Iron, Copper, and Manganese) studies. The histoarchitecture of the AEPD and EEPD treated groups were preserved particularly the 1000mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg doses, when compared to the AS-AQ and ascorbic acid treatments. The AS-AQ had no significant effect on the spatial learning and memory, and motor coordination and balance evidenced by the time latencies observed in the neurobehavioural study. Neurotoxicity, evidenced by necrosis, chromatolysis, vacuolations, was observed in the cerebellar cortex and hippocampus of the AS-AQ treated group. In the biochemical study, oxidative stress markers (SOD, CAT, and GSH) revealed no difference, while MDA concentration was significantly elevated (p<0.05) in the AS-AQ treatment when compared to the control. The neuro-trace elements result of trace metals (Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn) showed only Mn to have decreased significantly in the 1500mg/kg AEPD treated group. It was concluded that the ix amelioration of the severity of neurodegeneration, stability of the neurobehavioural index, alteration of oxidative stress markers and neuro-trace elements by the extracts indicated their ameliorative effects by antioxidant activities ascribed to the phytochemicals present in the extracts.
Related Project Materials
THE EFFECTS OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES ON EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION
Abstract: THE EFFECTS OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES ON EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION
Objec...
An examination of students' motivations for choosing vocational education in Obi Local Government Area, Nasarawa State
Background of the Study: Understanding students' motivations for choosing vocational education is vital for designing programs that meet their career...
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPETENCY-BASED ASSESSMENT IN TECHNICAL SCHOOLS
Abstract: The effectiveness of competency-based assessment in technical schools is crucial...
EVALUATION OF THE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY AMONG ARABLE CROP FARMERS
Background of the Study
Agriculture is one of Nigeria's most significant economic sectors, accounting for over 42 pe...
The Impact of Community Development Policies in Poverty Reduction in Jega Local Government, Kebbi State
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Community development policies are pivotal in addressing poverty in rural...
ASSESSING MASS MEDIA AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ENDSARS PROTEST
EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY
- The ENDSARS protest started because of harassment and brutality of the youth by the Nigerian police. ...
An assessment of geopolitical issues shaping youth involvement in politics in Pankshin Local Government Area, Plateau State
Background of the Study
Pankshin Local Government Area (LGA) in Plateau State is home to a diverse population, with significant ethnic, cult...
THE INFLUENCE OF ONLINE MARKETING ON RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE MARKET
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
These days, a significant portion of commercial business all around the world t...
An Examination of Governance Challenges in Family-Owned SMEs in Nigeria: A Case Study of Businesses in Oyo State
Background of the Study
Family-owned SMEs in Nigeria face unique governance challenges due to the intertwining of family in...
The role of local government in enhancing agricultural productivity in Kaltungo South Local Government Area, Gombe State
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Agriculture remains a vital sector for...
